Nginx

Install Nginx

sudo apt install nginx

MariaDB

Install MariaDB

sudo apt install mariadb-server php-mysql

Login to the MariadB SQL Shell

sudo mysql -u root

Create a database

CREATE DATABASE testdb; 

CREATE USER 'testuser' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON testdb.* to 'testuser';

Exit shell

quit

Secure the installation

sudo mysql_secure_installation

PHP

Install PHP FastCGI Processing Manager

sudo apt install php-fpm

Tell PHP to only accept URIs for files that exist (update version number if needed)

sudo sed -i 's/;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1/cgi.fix_pathinfo=0/g' /etc/php/8.3/fpm/php.ini

Configure Nginx

sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/myblog.com/public_html

edit /etc/nginx/sites-available/myblog.com.conf

sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/myblog.com.conf

server {
    listen         80;
    listen         [::]:80;
    server_name    example.com www.example.com;
    root           /var/www/html/blog.belislist.com/public_html;
    index          index.php;

location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args; }

    location ~* \.php$ {
      fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php8.3-fpm.sock;
      include         fastcgi_params;
      fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
      fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
    }
}

Link the configuration

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/myblog.com.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

Firewall

Install ufw

sudo ufw alow in "Nginx Full"

Test LEMP stack

sudo systemctl restart php8.3-fpm sudo nginx -s reload

create a test file in /var/www/html/myblog.com/public_html/test.php

<html>
<head>
    <h2>LEMP Stack Test</h2>
</head>
    <body>
    <?php echo '<p>Hello,</p>';

    // Define PHP variables for the MySQL connection.
    $servername = "localhost";
    $username = "testuser";
    $password = "password";

    // Create a MySQL connection.
    $conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password);

    // Report if the connection fails or is successful.
    if (!$conn) {
        exit('<p>Your connection has failed.<p>' .  mysqli_connect_error());
    }
    echo '<p>You have connected successfully.</p>';
    ?>
</body>
</html>

Test with cURL

curl -H "Host: myblog.com" http://<your-ip-address>/test.php

Clean the test file

sudo rm /var/www/html/myblog.com/public_html/test.php

References:

  • https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/how-to-install-the-lemp-stack-on-ubuntu-18-04/
  • https://www.linode.com/docs/guides/how-to-install-wordpress-ubuntu-2004/
  • https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/189006/changing-permalinks-gives-me-404-errors-on-nginx
  • https://learn.wordpress.org/lesson/permalinks-rewriting-urls-on-apache-and-nginx/